The gatekeepers of
chromosomal integrity
Telomeres are sections of DNA located at the tips of chromosomes, representing biological age, that naturally shorten over time. This is known as telomere attrition and can lead to DNA damage. This phenomenon can sometimes be intensified, leading to premature cell death and accelerated aging.⁽¹⁻²⁾
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When DNA is duplicated during cell division, the cell is unable to completely reproduce telomeres, therefore they shorten naturally over time. Telomere size is a marker of biological age and research has shown that by activating telomerase, an enzyme capable of lengthening telomeres, it is possible to prevent cellular senescence and decelerate aging.⁽¹⁻²⁾